Design of Automatic Metal and Non-metal Waste Sorting Based on Internet of Things (IoT)

Abstract

Ineffective waste management, especially in the process of sorting between metal and non-metal waste, is still a serious environmental problem. This research aims to design and build a prototype of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based automatic waste sorting device that is able to identify and separate types of waste independently. The system uses an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with ultrasonic sensors, inductive proximity sensors, and MQ135 gas sensors, as well as the Blynk application as an IoT-based monitoring interface. The method used is Research and Development (RnD) with six stages: literature study, system design, tool making, testing, evaluation, and conclusion. The test results show that the system is able to classify metal and non-metal waste with an accuracy rate of 90%, precision reaches 85.71% for metals, and 95.45% for non-metals. The integration of IoT technology in waste sorting tools is proven to increase the efficiency of waste processing from the source and provide innovative solutions in smarter and more sustainable environmental management.